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Computational modelling of blood flow in the carotid artery with serial stenosis
Lukáš, Petr ; Hájek, Petr (referee) ; Švancara, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to analyse the effect of double stenosis on flow and stress characteristics in the carotid artery. First, based on the stated literature, a literature search is conducted regarding blood flow in the arterial system. Then, the procedure of creating idealized models of an artery with double stenosis and the procedure of mesh creation and numerical solution are described. The models have different size of the stenosis and different distance between stenosis. In the final stage, the results are analysed first for stationary flow, then one model is selected on which is performed the analysis for pulsating flow. Analytical calculation of pressure drop and comparison with numerical calculation is also part of this work.
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Thrombi detection in main brain arteries in CT image data
Líška, Martin ; Nemček, Jakub (referee) ; Chmelík, Jiří (advisor)
The master’s thesis deals with automatic preprocessing, segmentation and consecutive analysis of volume data of anonymized patient CTA acquisitions with an indication of stroke. Preprocessing of volume data is an essential step for proper vascular tree segmentation and analysis. The region growing method was used to segment the vascular tree of the brain. After extracting the vascular tree, the labeling of individual branches was applied in the algorithm and the appropriate features were extracted. The analysis examined the features of vessel lengths, their diameter and local brightness profiles, which are important indicators of possible stenosis or occlusion of the main vessels of the brain. The output of the algorithm are various modalities of diagnostic, assisted visualizations of the segmented vascular tree. The segmentation and analysis algorithm of cerebrovascular system was created in the MATLAB programming environment.
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Computational modelling of the influence of stenoses on blood flow in the carotid artery
Lukáš, Petr ; Hájek, Petr (referee) ; Švancara, Pavel (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with blood flow in carotid artery with tandem double stenosis. In the first part there is described cardiovascular system with emphasis on blood and arteries. In the practical part, geometric models of the carotid artery with 30% and 70% stenosis, as well as a model without stenosis, are created. The second stenosis is not included in the model of geometry but modeled using Windkessel effect. Blood is modeled as a non-Newtonian fluid using the Carreau model. After the calculations, the blood flow and arterial wall stress are evaluated, and the results are compared among the different geometry models. Critical values of shear stress, TAWSS, OSI, and FFR, as well as the mass flow rate in the internal carotid artery, are assessed.
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Thrombi detection in main brain arteries in CT image data
Líška, Martin ; Nemček, Jakub (referee) ; Chmelík, Jiří (advisor)
The master’s thesis deals with automatic preprocessing, segmentation and consecutive analysis of volume data of anonymized patient CTA acquisitions with an indication of stroke. Preprocessing of volume data is an essential step for proper vascular tree segmentation and analysis. The region growing method was used to segment the vascular tree of the brain. After extracting the vascular tree, the labeling of individual branches was applied in the algorithm and the appropriate features were extracted. The analysis examined the features of vessel lengths, their diameter and local brightness profiles, which are important indicators of possible stenosis or occlusion of the main vessels of the brain. The output of the algorithm are various modalities of diagnostic, assisted visualizations of the segmented vascular tree. The segmentation and analysis algorithm of cerebrovascular system was created in the MATLAB programming environment.
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Computational modelling of blood flow in the carotid artery with serial stenosis
Lukáš, Petr ; Hájek, Petr (referee) ; Švancara, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to analyse the effect of double stenosis on flow and stress characteristics in the carotid artery. First, based on the stated literature, a literature search is conducted regarding blood flow in the arterial system. Then, the procedure of creating idealized models of an artery with double stenosis and the procedure of mesh creation and numerical solution are described. The models have different size of the stenosis and different distance between stenosis. In the final stage, the results are analysed first for stationary flow, then one model is selected on which is performed the analysis for pulsating flow. Analytical calculation of pressure drop and comparison with numerical calculation is also part of this work.
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Patient's life quality befor and after aortic valve operation
Vyskočilová, Ludmila ; Trávníčková, Ivana (advisor) ; Chvojková, Kateřina (referee)
(v AJ) Introduction to the topic and importance of the topic: Aortic valve disease is the third most frequent cardiovascular disease and also the most frequently operated valvular disease in adulthood. The natural process of the disease is unfavorable, almost half of the patients suffer from symptoms of heart failure (Branny et al. 2012). This is the reason why I focused my thesis on the assessment of the quality of life of patients diagnosed of aortic stenosis. Aim of the thesis and research questions: The aim of my thesis is to evaluate the quality of life patients with diagnosed aortic valve disease, within one month before the planned surgery and in the postoperative period when patients will be checked at a cardiac surgery clinic. The partial objective at the same time was to compare the quality of life and health status of patients with aortic valve disease who have completed a spa therapy with those who have rejected it. Methodology (method, research sample): The research work will be carried out as a quantitative research in a group of 29 respondents. The HRQoL construct it means questionnaire SF-36 were used to obtain the data. The questionnaire was anonymous. For the completed questionnaires, a closed box was set up, which I didn't open until the poll was complete. The survey was...
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Nursing care in anestesiology for a patient undergoing endarterectomy
Mocková, Karolína ; Di Cara, Veronika (advisor) ; Pucholtová, Romana (referee)
The subject of my bachelor thesis is a description of nursing process for the patients in anesthesia during the endarterectomy. By myself, I find this topic very interesting, because the disease of the cerebrovascular system is currently the most frequent disease. Stenosis of carotids is responsible for the one-third cases of stroke. In most cases is asymptomatic. Stenosis of carotids is more frequent in the age of 60 and higher. The goal of my bachelor thesis is to describe the nursing process on the operating theatre during the endarterectomy and the differences in the nursing process for the patients in a general anesthesia and locoregional anesthesia. Point out the importance of the cooperation between anesthesiology team and surgical team. In my bachelor thesis, I used the method of the case study of the patient on the operating theatre in the county hospital. For my thesis I have used following sources: Czech or foreign professional literature, Czech or foreign scientific articles, my own observations and providing professional nursing care, interview with the patient, information from health care personnel and patient's medical documentation. Analyzing of the nursing care I found that the healthcare professionals follow the nursing standards and recommended procedures. I found also the...
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Nursing process for client Stenosis of the internal carotid artery
Duštírová, Monika ; Kordulová, Pavla (advisor) ; Trávníčková, Ivana (referee)
Tématem bakalářské práce "Ošetřovatelský proces u klienta se stenózou arteria carotis interna" přibližuji problematiku a specifika pooperační péče u pacientů s touto diagnózou. Zúžení krční tepny na podkladě vytvoření aterosklerotického plátu je nejčastější příčinou cévní mozkové příhody. Nedostatečné prokrvení některých částí mozku může způsobit jeho poškození a vést k nezvratným změnám. Odstranění zúžení krční tepny patří k nejčastěji prováděným cévním operacím, v ČR je ročně odoperováno přibližně 1500 pacientů. V teoretické části mé závěrečné práce se zaměřuji na anatomii a fyziologii cévního řečiště mozku a tepenného systému. Zabývám se zde zúžením krční tepny, včasnou diagnostikou a bezpečnou léčbou, především chirurgickou. Podklady pro vypracování práce jsem získala vyhledáváním v databázích NLK, PubMed, Embase, Medvik a CINAHL apod. Dále jsem čerpala z internetových zdrojů profesních organizací a společností zabývající se touto problematikou. Zahrnuta byla i doporučení profesních organizací jako je ESVS - European Society for Vascular Surgery, SVN - Society of Vascular Nursing. METODIKA: Pro vypracování bakalářské práce jsem zvolila případovou studii pacienta se stenózou arteria carotis interna po chirurgickém operačním výkonu endarterektomii. Informace k vypracování bakalářské práce byly...
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